Birendra Lake, locally known as Birendra Taal, is a pristine alpine lake in the Himalayas near the village of Samagaun in the Manaslu region of Nepal.

Formed by the meltwater of the Manaslu Glacier, the lake sits at an elevation of approximately 3,691 meters (12,110 feet). Its crystal-clear waters, surrounded by rugged mountain terrain, make it a key natural attraction along the Manaslu Circuit Trek.

The lake’s serene environment and striking reflections of Mount Manaslu and neighboring peaks have earned it recognition as a "mirror lake" among trekkers and photographers.

Due to its proximity to Samagaun, it is often visited as a short acclimatization hike or a scenic side trip.

Key Information at a Glance

Meaning and Origin of the Name

The lake is named after the late King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah of Nepal, though local communities may also refer to it by traditional names tied to its glacial origins.

Geologically, Birendra Lake is a glacial tarn, formed by the accumulation of meltwater from the Manaslu Glacier, which continues to feed it.

Importance of Birendra Lake in the Manaslu Region

Birendra Lake serves multiple roles in the Manaslu region:

• Ecological: As a glacial lake, it acts as a natural reservoir and supports fragile high-altitude ecosystems. Its waters contribute to downstream river systems, vital for local communities.
• Cultural: For indigenous groups like the Nubri and Tsum peoples, the lake holds spiritual value. Some locals associate it with purity and tranquility, though specific myths or legends about its formation are less documented.
  • You are encouraged to respect these beliefs by avoiding disruptive activities (e.g., bathing or loud noises).
• Touristic: The lake is a highlight of the Manaslu Circuit, offering trekkers a manageable day hike from Samagaun (1-2 hours one way).
  • Its accessibility and photogenic qualities make it a popular stop for acclimatization or photography, particularly during clear mornings when the water reflects Mount Manaslu.

The lake’s proximity to Samagaun also makes it a strategic point for trekkers to adjust to altitude before continuing toward higher passes like Larkya La.

Trekking to Birendra Lake

Route from Samagaun to Birendra Lake

The trek to Birendra Lake begins in Samagaun (also called Sama Gaon), a traditional village at 3,530 meters (11,581 feet) that is a key acclimatization stop on the Manaslu Circuit.

The trail is straightforward and well-marked, heading northwest from the village. The distance is approximately 2–3 kilometers (1.2–1.8 miles) one way, with an elevation gain of around 160 meters (525 feet), taking 1–2 hours to reach the lake at a moderate pace.

The path initially follows a gentle incline through rocky moraines and sparse juniper shrubs, with occasional views of Manaslu’s south face. As you approach the lake, the terrain becomes steeper for the final 15–20 minutes, and requires careful footing over loose scree.

An alternative starting point is Shyala village (3,520 meters), which adds roughly 30–45 minutes to the hike. Trekkers often combine this with a visit to Pungyen Gompa, a nearby monastery, making it a full-day side trip from Samagaun.

Difficulty Level and Trail Conditions

This hike is graded as easy to moderate, suitable for most trekkers with basic fitness. No technical climbing is involved, but the high altitude and uneven terrain (rocks, occasional snow patches in winter/spring) demand sturdy footwear and caution.

The trail is non-technical but can be slippery in wet conditions or during early mornings when frost is present. Acclimatization in Samagaun beforehand is strongly recommended to avoid altitude-related issues.

Time Required and Acclimatization Benefit

The round-trip hike typically takes 2.5–4 hours, including stops at the lake. Most trekkers complete it as a half-day excursion, leaving time to explore Samagaun in the afternoon.

The modest elevation gain makes it an ideal acclimatization activity, helping the body adjust to higher altitudes before ascending toward Larkya La (5,106 meters).

Sunrise or early morning hikes are recommended for calm waters and clear reflections of Manaslu.

Option to Extend to Pungyen Gompa

For a longer day hike, trekkers can continue from Birendra Lake to Pungyen Gompa (3,900 meters), a Buddhist monastery nestled beneath the Pungyen Glacier. This is a 3–4 hours longer round-trip from the lake, with a steep 300-meter (984-foot) climb over rocky trails.

The monastery has panoramic views of Manaslu and the surrounding glaciers, which makes it a worthwhile extension for those with extra time and energy.

Guided groups often combine both destinations into a single-day itinerary with packed lunches.

Best Time to Visit Birendra Lake

Spring (March-May)

Spring is one of the optimal seasons to visit Birendra Lake. Temperatures range from 5°C to 15°C (41°F to 59°F) during the day, with colder nights. The trails are generally clear of snow by late April, though higher elevations may retain patches into early May.

Rhododendrons bloom in the surrounding hills, adding color to the landscape. Visibility is good, but afternoon clouds can occasionally obscure mountain views. This season sees moderate trekking traffic.

Monsoon (June-August)

The monsoon brings heavy rainfall, particularly in July and August, making trekking to Birendra Lake challenging. Trails become muddy and slippery, with increased risk of landslides in the region.

Cloud cover often obscures mountain views, and the lake's surface may appear choppy due to rain. While temperatures are milder (8°C to 18°C / 46°F to 64°F), the humidity and persistent rain deter most trekkers.

Only experienced hikers with proper rain gear should consider visiting during this time.

Autumn (September-November)

Autumn is the most popular and recommended season for visiting Birendra Lake. Post-monsoon skies are exceptionally clear, offering unobstructed views of Manaslu and its reflection on the lake's calm surface.

Day temperatures range from 5°C to 16°C (41°F to 61°F), dropping below freezing at night. The trails are dry and stable, and the surrounding landscapes remain lush from monsoon rains.

This season attracts the highest number of trekkers, so early morning visits are advised to avoid crowds.

Winter (December-February)

Winter transforms Birendra Lake into a frozen alpine landscape. Daytime temperatures hover around -5°C to 10°C (23°F to 50°F), with nighttime lows plunging to -15°C (5°F).

The lake's surface often freezes, creating a unique, icy spectacle. Snow covers the trails, requiring proper gear like microspikes or crampons for safe trekking. Visibility is excellent, but shorter daylight hours and extreme cold limit trekking opportunities to midday.

Fewer visitors make this a quiet time to visit.

Visibility, Reflections, and Color Changes

The lake's appearance varies significantly by season:

• Spring/autumn: Calm waters provide mirror-like reflections of Manaslu, especially at sunrise. The lake's color shifts between deep blue and turquoise depending on sunlight and glacial sediment.
• Monsoon: Reduced visibility and choppy waters diminish reflection opportunities.
  Winter: The frozen surface creates a stark, monochromatic landscape, with small cracks revealing the lake's vivid blue beneath the ice.

Best Time for Photography and Fewer Crowds

For photography, October and November are the best conditions with clear skies, vivid reflections, and golden-hour lighting. To avoid crowds, late September or early December are ideal. April is another quieter alternative.

For more details about the weather in the Manaslu region, check it out here!

Permits, Regulations and Guide Requirements for Birendra Lake

All visitors to Birendra Lake must obtain two mandatory permits: Manaslu Restricted Area Permit (RAP) and Manaslu Conservation Area Permit (MCAP). For treks continuing to Annapurna region, you will also need Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP).

Manaslu Restricted Area Permit (RAP)
Issued Through: A registered trekking agency (individual trekkers cannot obtain this independently).

Manaslu Conservation Area Permit (MCAP)
Where to Obtain: Nepal Tourism Board (Kathmandu) or Trek Me Nepal handles this for clients.

Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP)
Required For: The western exit via Besisahar (if completing the full circuit).

Permit Rules:

• Guides are mandatory, the RAP requires a licensed guide’s details.
• Checkpoints: Permits are checked at Jagat, Dharapani, and Samagaun.
• Photocopies: Carry 2 extra copies of passport and permits for checkpoints.

Guides are required for treks to Birendra Lake primarily due to government regulations that designate the Manaslu region as a restricted area. This rule ensures trekkers' safety, as guides are trained to handle altitude-related risks, navigate challenging terrain, and provide emergency assistance if needed.

They are also cultural mediators, helping visitors interact appropriately with local communities and respect traditions.

Additionally, guides manage all checkpoint procedures, ensuring compliance with permit regulations and act as translators when necessary.

For more details on Permits required to trek through the Manaslu Region, check it out here!

Cultural and Natural Significance of Birendra Lake

Glacial Formation and Ecological Background

Birendra Lake is a glacial tarn formed by meltwater from the Manaslu Glacier, part of the Manaslu Himal range in Nepal. Situated at 3,691 meters (12,110 feet), the lake's existence is directly tied to the glacier's seasonal melting patterns.

Geologically, it is a classic example of a proglacial lake: a body of water dammed by glacial moraines. The lake's vivid blue-green coloration results from glacial flour (rock particles ground by the glacier) suspended in its waters.

Ecologically, the lake and its surroundings support specialized high-altitude flora, including hardy mosses, lichens, and occasional migratory birds. The area is a critical water source for downstream communities, though its size fluctuates annually based on glacial melt rates.

Scientific studies indicate the lake is relatively young in geological terms, formed within the last few centuries as the Manaslu Glacier retreated.

Local Myths, Stories, and Spiritual Connection

While no extensive recorded mythology exists specifically about Birendra Lake, it holds spiritual significance for local Buddhist communities. The lake is regarded as a place of purity, with some villagers considering its waters to have cleansing properties.

Anecdotal accounts from guides suggest that locals historically avoided disturbing the lake, believing it to be inhabited by protective spirits (lu) associated with Himalayan water bodies.

The nearby Pungyen Gompa monastery reinforces the area's spiritual importance. Monks occasionally visit the lake for meditation, and visitors may find prayer flags draped on surrounding boulders.

Unlike some sacred lakes in Nepal, Birendra has no formal restrictions against swimming, but local norms discourage any activity that might "disturb the water's peace," including loud noises or littering.

Birendra Lake and Indigenous Community Beliefs

For the Nubri and Tsum peoples native to the Manaslu region, the lake falls within a broader cultural landscape where natural features are intertwined with Buddhist cosmology.

While not a pilgrimage site itself, its proximity to Samagaun, a village with centuries-old Tibetan Buddhist traditions, means it is treated with respect. Some elders refer to the lake as "Taacho" (derived from Tibetan words for "horse lake"), though this name is rarely used officially.

Some key practices are:

• Circumambulation (kora) around the lake's perimeter is uncommon but not prohibited.
• Visitors are advised to ask permission before photographing locals or religious artifacts near the lake.
• The lake's water is occasionally collected by monks for rituals, though this is not a widespread practice.

Cultural Etiquette for Visitors

• Maintain quiet behavior near the lake, especially at dawn/dusk when locals may be meditating.
• Avoid touching or removing any religious items (prayer flags, stone cairns).
• Follow "leave no trace" principles to align with local conservation values.

The lake's dual role as both a natural wonder and cultural space reflects the Manaslu region's broader identity, where ecological and spiritual preservation are increasingly prioritized by community-led tourism initiatives.

What to Pack for the Birendra Lake Trek

Packing properly for Birendra Lake Trek is important to deal with its high-altitude conditions and unpredictable weather.

Remember that proper gear significantly impacts comfort and safety on the trek. Quality over quantity is key so focus on versatile, multi-use items that can handle Birendra Lake's variable mountain conditions.

Itinerary Featuring Birendra Lake

At Trek Me Nepal, our standard Manaslu Circuit itineraries include a visit to Birendra Lake as part of the acclimatization process in Samagaun.

However, we understand that every trekker has unique needs whether you prefer a more relaxed pace, additional cultural exploration, or extended photography opportunities. That’s why all our itineraries can be customized to match your fitness level, interests, and schedule.

Here is a sample structure of how your trek could look, with flexibility to adjust daily activities, add rest days, or combine hikes based on your preferences.

Day 1: Arrival and Acclimatization in Samagaun

Upon reaching Samagaun at 3,530 meters, this first day is dedicated to essential altitude adjustment. Trekkers typically arrive from either Samdo or Lho village, depending on their circuit route.

The afternoon should be spent resting, with only light activities permitted such as slight exploration of Samagaun's traditional stone houses and Buddhist monasteries. This  allows the body to adapt to the elevation before the hike to Birendra Lake.

Most teahouses in the village provide comfortable lodging, and an early night is recommended to prepare for the next day's activities.

Day 2: Birendra Lake Exploration

The main hike to Birendra Lake begins with an early morning departure after breakfast, ideally between 7-8am when weather conditions are most stable. The trail ascends gradually over rocky terrain, covering approximately 2-3 kilometers with 160 meters of elevation gain to reach the lake at 3,691 meters.

The hike typically takes 1.5-2 hours each way, with most visitors spending 1-2 hours at the lake to photograph the famous Manaslu reflections and rest. Strong hikers may choose to extend their excursion to Pungyen Gompa monastery, adding about 3 hours to the journey.

The return to Samagaun usually occurs by early afternoon, leaving time to relax and enjoy the village atmosphere.

Day 3: Cultural Immersion and Trek Preparation

This final day in the Samagaun area focuses on cultural experiences while continuing the acclimatization process. A guided morning walk through the village provides opportunities to visit local homes, observe traditional crafts, and learn about the indigenous Nubri culture.

The afternoon is free for you to rest or optional short hikes to nearby viewpoints, allowing trekkers to prepare physically and mentally for the next stage of their journey. This balanced approach ensures proper altitude adjustment while enriching the overall trekking experience with meaningful cultural interactions.

Alternative Itinerary Options

For those with time constraints, a condensed version combines the arrival and lake hike into a single day, suitable only for well-acclimatized trekkers.

Conversely, an extended version adds a rest day and incorporates more comprehensive exploration, including Pungyen Gompa and glacier viewpoints, particularly valuable for photography enthusiasts.

The standard three-day version has the best balance between acclimatization needs and experience quality for most trekkers.

Logistical Considerations to Keep In Mind

• Best starting time for lake hike: Early morning (best light/calm water)
• Packing for day hike: Water, snacks, layers, camera
• Guide recommendation: Local guides enhance cultural understanding
• Physical requirements: Moderate fitness level sufficient
• Altitude notes: Lake visit aids acclimatization process

Conclusion

Birendra Lake is a must visit because of its natural beauty and cultural significance for those trekking the Manaslu region. Its accessibility from Samagaun makes it an ideal acclimatization hike, while its changing seasonal conditions provide different experiences throughout the year.

With realistic planning and respect for the environment and local customs, a visit to Birendra Lake can be a memorable part of any Himalayan trekking experience.

For those considering this journey, attention to seasonal conditions, physical preparation, and cultural awareness will ensure a safe and meaningful visit to this high-altitude lake.